RESEARCH REGARDING THE EFFICIENCY OF SOYBEAN CULTIVATION IN DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON SOIL COMPACTION, ACCUMULATION AND WATER STORAGE
Felicia Cheţan, Cornel Cheţan, Felicia Mureşanu, Loredana Suciu, Ioana Crişan
Abstract: In the last years there has been a slight increase in average annual temperatures, as well as a high fluctuation in the distribution of rainfall, thus the reduction of the effects of atmospheric and pedological drought is part of the reasons that determine the orientation towards new variants of soil tillage. The experiment conceived and performed at ARDS Turda includes four variants of soil tillage: plow with the turn of the furrow (CS), chisel (MT), disk (MD) and no tillage (NT), in a 3-year crop rotation of soybean - winter wheat - maize. The momentary water reserve was higher in the MD and NT system compared to the CS, MT. The specific resistance of the soil to penetration (Rp) in NT, MD are higher compared to the CS and MT systems. Soybeans can be cultivated in a MT, the yield difference compared to the CS is 107 kg/ha. Compared to CS (66.5 liter/ha) significant reductions of diesel consumption are made in the MD system (21 liter/ha) and in the NT (31.7 liter/ha).
Keywords: soybean, soil compaction, water reserve
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INTEGRATED PATHOGENS AND PESTS MANAGEMENT IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
Loredana Suciu, Felicia Mureșanu, Laura Şopterean, Ana-Maria Vălean, Felicia Chețan, Camelia Urdă, Alina Șimon, Adina Tărău
Abstract: Attack pathogens and increasing abundance of some insect pests were favored by the climate changes, culture technologies practiced and increasing of cultivated areas with soybeans. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the attack of pathogens in soybean crop and to monitor some pest Lepidoptera species in order to identify technological measures to ensure their control by methods with minimal impact on the environment. The experiment was performed at the Research and Development Station for Agriculture Turda during 2018-2020 period. The best technological option is plowing, balanced fertilization and fungicides application, either alone, or in combination with an insecticide.
Keywords: soybean, integrated management, insect pests, diseases
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INFLUENCE OF SOIL TILLAGE SYSTEM, FERTILIZER AND TREATMENT APPLIED TO SEEDS ON SOYBEAN CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Camelia Urdă, Loredana Suciu, Felicia Mureșanu, Luana Păcurar, Nicolae Tritean, Adrian Negrea, Ioana Crişan, Raluca Rezi, Florin Russu , Adina Tărău
Abstract: In order to evaluate the effect of soil tillage system, fertilization and also different treatments applied to seeds on chemical composition in soybean crop, a field experiment was conducted at Research and Development Station for Agriculture Turda in 2020. Teo TD, an early soybean variety developed at RDSA Turda and registered in 2017 was used as a biological material. The compared tillage systems were: conventional tillage (plowing), reduced tillage (chisel or disk) and also no-tillage system. Four different mineral and organic fertilizers (N40P40, N40P40 + gulle, N40P40 + green fertilizer, N40P40 + gulle + green fertilizer) and various treatments applied to seeds (fungicide, insecticide, fungicide + insecticide, untreated) were also studied. All data were subjected to ANOVA using Polifact. Chemical composition (protein content, oil content, stearic acid (18:0), oleic acid (18:1), linoleic acid (18:2), and linolenic acid (18:3)) of Teo TD seeds was analyzed using NIR spectroscopy. Significant differences between some tillage systems and fertilizers were recorded in protein content, fat content and also stearic, oleic and linolenic acids content. The treatments applied to seeds influenced very significant the stearic acid and oleic acid, distinct significant the linoleic acid and significant the protein content.
Keywords: soybean, chemical composition, tillage, fertilization.
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EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CARBON AND NITROGEN SOURCES ON SPORULATION OF BEAUVERIA BASSIANA ROMANIAN STRAINS
Daniel Cojanu, Cristina-Maria Lumînare
Abstract: A requirement for industrial-scale production of mycoinsecticides is the capacity of fungal strains to produce infective and stable propagules on inexpensive artificial substrates, with either solid-state or submerged liquid fermentation methods. The ability of entomopathogenic fungi to use different nutritive substrates is one of the factors influencing their effectiveness.Vegetative growth and sporulation yield depend on the composition of the culture medium and are specific to each fungal isolate. Our study has focused on fungal inoculum produced in artificial media. Native Beauveria bassiana strains was cultivated in liquid medium involving variations in carbon and nitrogen sources and the production of spores was evaluated. The results revealed that among the carbon and nitrogen sources tested, zaharose and ammonium nitrate were most efficiently used for the production of B.bassiana spores in submerged liquid fermentation.
Keywords:Beauveria bassiana, liquid medium, carbon/nitrogen sources
PLANT-BENEFICIAL MICROBIAL INOCULANTS AND THEIR FORMULATION – A REVIEW
Lavinia Diana Nicoleta Barbu, Oana-Alina Boiu-Sicuia
Abstract: Agriculture plays a crucial role in the society and global economy and has a huge impact on the environment. Human overpopulation require higher amounts of food, and due to the overwhelming increase of health disorder it is a consumer demand for high quality food products. However, intensive agricultural practices involve the use of synthetic substances, with negative effects on human health and environmental safety. These triggered the concern of global regulatory agencies for new strategies and harsh regulations regarding agricultural inputs. Sustainable agriculture practices, including the use of renewable resources are now promoted. Biofertilizers, biopesticides and biostimulants contribute to agricultural yield and quality improvement, having a low detrimental impact on the environment. Microbial inoculants based on selected microorganisms are promising products that can improve plant growth and productivity and prevent crops from pest and diseases attack, being an environmental friendly approach. Plant beneficial microorganisms trigger various mechanisms for soil improvement, nitrogen fixation, nutrients solubilization and uptake in plants. Some beneficial microorganisms can release active biomolecule involved in plant protection, or suppress biotic and abiotic stress factors, revealing plant or environmental benefits. This study aims to review plant beneficial microbial agro-inoculants, successful formulations and application methods.
Keywords:microbial inoculants, microbial formulation, organic agriculture
OPTIMIZATION OF CONVENTIONAL AGRICULTURE (TILLAGE X FERTILIZATION X PLANT PROTECTION) FOR SOYBEAN IN THE TRANSYLVANIAN PLAIN
Felicia Muresanu, Teodor Rusu, Felicia Cheţan, Rozalia Kadar, Diana Hiriscau
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to improve conventional agricultural technologies in soybean crop to ensure a higher yield and reduced environmental impact under climate conditions specific for the Transylvanian Plain. For the experimental design a three-factorial experiment was set up (tillage x fertilization x plant protection products). Factor interaction was evaluated using formula AxBxC-R:4x4x4-3 to highlight the benefits of the practices. This study examined yield crops and size of the soybean plants in an effort to identify best practices. Yield was highly increased in conventional soil tillage system (3420 kg/ha), whereas for the minimum soil tillage system and for direct sowing there were no significant difference 2755-2995 kg/ha and 2605 kg/ha, respectively. Crop performance in terms of yield was highly influenced by the soil tillage system (57.5%), followed by plant protection treatments (22.9%) and fertilization (11.8%). Fertilization with N40P40 + gulle + green fertilizer ensured the highest soybean production (3132 kg/ha). Plant protection treatments during vegetation determined significant yield increases, with high influence of insecticides and a cummulative effect when both fungicides and insecticides were used (3193 kg/ha). Highest size of plants was registered in conventional soil tillage system. Overall crop protection treatments during vegetation (insecticide + fungicide) triggered not significant increases in plant size, except Teo TD soybean cultivar.
Keywords:soil tillage, fertilization, plant protection, soybean crop
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON EPIGEAL INVERTEBRATES FAUNA IN EXPERIMENTAL PEPPER CROPS AT SCDL BUZĂU, ROMANIA
Ioana Florescu, Andrei Teodoru, Alina Gabriela Geicu, Andrei Chiriloaie-Palade, Viorel Fătu, Traian Manole, Toma Mitel Emilian Mirea, Vasilica Manea, Alexandru Toader, Bogdan Staicu, Floarea Burnichi, Constantina Chireceanu
Abstract: This paper presents the species composition and abundance of epigeal invertebrate fauna collected from experimental pepper crops at the Vegetable Research and Development Station Buzău, Romania during 219-2020. The open field bell pepper Buzau 10 (2019) and Cantemir (2020) varieties were used in the experiment in five variants with two factors, diatomite (three doses) and bioinoculant Trichoderma asperellum Td85 strain. Diatomite was local from the Pătârlagele deposit (Buzău County) and antagonistic fungus was from the collection of microorganisms of Research and Development Institute for Plant Protection Bucharest. The fauna on the soil surface was collected using Barber traps, replaced every two weeks from June to October. The ecological parameters of abundance, dominance, constancy and ecological significance have been calculated using specific formulas. Specific attributes of the two products, diatomite and bioinoculant Trichoderma, reflected on the ecological and structural characteristics of invertebrate communities.
Keywords: pepper crops, invertebrates fauna, ecological parameters, diatomite, bioinoculant Trichoderma
IN VITRO THERMAL REQUIREMENTS OF TWO ISOLATES OF METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE (METCH.) SOROK. UNDER CONSTANT CONDITIONS
Cristina-Maria Lumînare, Daniel Nicolae Cojanu, Mihaela-Monica Dinu, Ana-Cristina Fătu*
Abstract: The effect of temperature on the mycelial growth of two isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metch.) Sorok. (Hypocreales, Clavicipitaceae) was evaluated in vitro on PDA growth medium, by measuring the diameter of the fungal colonies, at the following temperature values: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C, over 14 days under constant conditions. The data obtained were used for the calculation of the growth rate (mm/day) using linear regression. The representation of the values corresponding to the minimum, optimal and maximum temperature of vegetative growth was made by a curve described by a mathematical function, a modified beta (ß) function. The lowest temperatures at which growth occurs are 7 and 10°C, the highest is 35.7°C; temperature at which the most growth occurs, as indicated by the measurements, was distributed over a range of temperatures from 22.9 to 31°C.
Keywords: Metarhizium anisopliae, entomopathogenic, growth rate, temperature
IS HELICOVERPA ARMIGERA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) A KEY PEST IN WESTERN ROMANIAN PAPRIKA PEPPER CROPS?
Ana – Maria VÎRTEIU1*, Ana – Maria SEIBERT1, Ramoma ȘTEF1, Alin CĂRĂBEȚ1, Codruța CHIȘ1, Ioana GROZEA1
Abstract: Recent changes in intensive vegetable production systems in Romania, but also throughout Europe, with the frequent and sometimes exclusive use of monoculture for certain groups of vegetables, including the Solanaceae group, have resulted in major changes in entomofauna in these areas. In addition, we are witnessing global climate change that also affects the composition and density of entomofauna in these agro-ecological areas. Under the influence of these two decisive factors, the dynamics of a pest population is oscillating and, therefore, some less known or newly entered species in the research area (invasive species) begin to cause significant damage to crops and especially to their control. 20 years after the first mentions of the attack, this pest causes considerable damage to the pepper crop, in the case of the present study, paprika. From the pepper crop for paprika, in 2020 in Chișlaca locality, Arad County, a number of 11 pest species were collected. The species Helicoverpa armigera was the predominant species, registering the highest number of specimens.The dynamics of larval populations showed an oscillating evolution, depending on climatic conditions, the maximum threshold being reached on the third decade of August.
Keywords: Helicoverpa armigera, key pest, western Romanian, paprika pepper crop
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CATALOGUE OF THE „NATURA 2000” PROTECTED COLEOPTERA SPECIES FROM THE „ARION-PANIN” ENTOMOLOGICAL COLLECTION OF THE RESEARCH-DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE FOR PLANT PROTECTION
Daniel Kazimir Kurzeluk
Abstract: In the „Arion-Panin” entomological collection of the Research-Development Institute for Plant Protection (RDIPP) a number of 215 pieces belonging to 8 (from a total of 38) protected Coleoptera „Natura2000” species (Carabus variolosus, Cerambyx cerdo, Cucujus cinnaberinus, Lucanus cervus, Morimus funereus, Osmoderma barnabita and Rosalia alpina) are conserved. The pieces have been collected from various areas, from which 10 of them are presently included in the Romanian Natura 2000 protected areas network. The zoogeographical value of the specimens is considerable, due to the fact they represent historical Romanian fauna records. Some species are now unknown in the places they were collected, as in the case of the Rosalia alpina specimen collected from a house wall in Bucharest.
Key words: Coleoptera, Natura 2000, Arion-Panin entomological collection
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EVALUATION OF THE DOWNY MILDEW (Plasmopara viticola) AND OF THE GRAY ROT (Botrytis cinerea) ATTACK CORRELATED WITH THE LEAF TREATMENTS AND THE SOIL FERTILIZATION
Marian Lixandru, Sergiu Fendrihan
Abstract. The purpose of the study was to establish the degree of attack of grapevine downy mildew and gray rot on the Muscat Ottonel variety in different technological variants organized in the southern part of Muntenia region in a farm from Hotarele, Giurgiu County in the climatic and meteorological conditions of 2021. The results showed that in the experimental plots treated with 0.5 and 0.6% foliar fertilizers and 200 kg phosphorus and potassium active substance per ha, the degree of attack of the two diseases decreases (0.01% for Plasmopara vitícola and 0.04% for Botrytis cinerea) comparatively to the untreated control (0.13% and 0.54 % respectively).
Key words: downy mildew, grey rot, foliar fertilization, soil fertilization, degree of attack.
BIOCHEMICAL COMPOUNDS FROM APRICOT LEAVES INVOLVED IN RESISTANCE TO MONILINIA SPP.
Cristina Petrisor, Maria Dumitru, Roxana Zaharia, Viorel Oltenacu
Abstract: Brown rot caused by Monilinia laxa is an important fungal disease of apricot (Prunus armeniaca) causing economical losses in different growing areas in Europe. M. laxa induces great damage in apricot, attacking flowers, leaves, stem, branches and fruits. The damage severity is strictly related to the climate conditions and several fungicide treatments are often necessary in order to limit the disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the content of pigments (chlorophylls, carotenoids), total polyphenols, peroxidase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase in the leaves of the different apricot varieties. All these parameters were chosen taking in account their involvement in plant disease resistance. Concerning to chlorophylls and carotenoids level, less amounts were recorded in the leaves collected from the all symptomatic apricot varieties studied. Activities of peroxidase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase and total polyphenols were increased in the apricot samples affected by M. laxa compared with the healthy ones. Among the analyzed cultivars, Dacia, Litoral and Favorit showed a great tolerance to M. laxa. The genotypes like Carmela and Viorica showed different susceptibility.
Keywords: antioxidant enzymes, phenols, carotenoids, infected leaves.
IMPACT OF NEONICOTINOID INSECTICIDES RESIDUES APPLIED AS SEED TREATMENTS ON MAIZE AND ON BEES AND HIVE PRODUCTS
Amuza Angela Cristina, Zaharia Roxana , Gheorghe Alin, Georgescu Emil, Trasca Georgeta, Podea Maria, Pintilie Paula Lucelia, Sapcaliu Agripina, Mincea Carmen
Abstract: Romania registered in the last years record productions for maize, being in 2019, on the first place in Europe and also, according to Eurostat data, the eighth agricultural power in Europe. The European Commission closely monitors the possible relations between bee health and pesticides and is determined to take the most cautious approach possible to protect bees. In 2013, the European Commission severely restricted the use of plant protection products for seed treatment and treated seeds containing three neonicotinoids (clothianidin, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam) in order to protect honeybees (Regulation (EU) No 485/2013). Due to the restrictions imposed on Romanian farmers, they are facing an alarming increase in the population density of some soil pests, the most dangerous being Tanymecus dilaticollis and Agriotes spp., no other insecticides being available for maize seed treatment against T. dilaticollis in Romania. In this context, since 2018, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development together with the Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences funded researches to monitor populations of T. dilaticollis and Agriotes spp., but also the residues level of neonicotinoid insecticides from soil, plants in various development stages (leaves and inflorescences), as well as in bees and hive products (pollen, honey). Studies were performed in three areas of Romania, respectively, Moldova (Neamt County) and south of country (Calarasi County) where T. dilaticollis exceed the economic damage threshold (4-5 adults/sqm) and Subcarpathian hills (Arges county), where Agriotes spp. populations exceed the economic damage threshold (2-4 larvae/sqm), areas where maize is the main crop. Regarding the evolution of maize leaf weevil an wireworms population in the period 2018-2020, from the data obtained it can be observed that the number of adults/sqm has remained above the economic damage threshold. Regarding neonicotinoids residues monitoring, the samples were taken from maize crops at various growth stages, including inflorescences, from bees, pollen and honey samples, too. Residues levels were determined in accredited laboratories from Germany, France and Bulgaria using certificated methods. Of the total samples, most with residues content above LOQ (limits of quantification), are soil samples, an absolutely normal situation, as the neonicotinoids were applied as seed treatment. It is also very important to mention that the lowest percentage of samples with residues above the limit of quantification, was recorded in inflorescences, honey and bees samples, the annual deviations being insignificant. It has to be highlighted that the environmental factors, especially the humidity, influenced the repeatability of the results (for example: the rainfalls during the sowing period favored the toxic substances levigation in soil).
Key words: Neonicotinoids, soil pests, insecticide residues, seed treatment
RESEARCH CONCERNING FLORISTIC COMPOSITION AND DEGREEE OF WEED INFESTATION OF CEREAL CROPS IN CONSTANTA COUNTY
Marga Grădilă, Daniel Jalobă, Valentin Marius Ciontu, Raluca Monica Cristea
Abstract: Weeds mapping aims to know the segetal floristic spectrum from the point of view of the degree of weed infestation and the frequency of weeds in each crop. Cereals crops are yearly infested by dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous weeds species, annual and perennial, some of them being very harmful, difficult to control and known as dominant weeds or problem weeds. Research carried out in Constanța county, Agigea and Runcu villages, during 2020-2021 years, was concerned with segetal flora assessment. The main purposes considered were: the study of the issues related to the floristic composition, the dynamics of the degree of weed infestation, the identification of the dominant species, the establishment of the most effective herbicide treatments and of the optimal times of application. The analysis of the obtained data reveals that the problem weeds with a density >10 plants/m2 identified in the wheat and barley crops in Agigea were: Veronica species, Papaver rhoeas, Chenopodium album, Polygonum convolvulus and Fumaria officinalis. The dominant weed species in wheat and barley crops of Runcu were: C. album, Convolvulus arvensis, Stellaria media, Equisetum arvense and Cannabis ruderalis. Although the dicotyledonous species prevail in both studied places, the weed control strategy is different because the target species against which control measures must be applied are different and consequently the range of herbicides will also be different. The results obtained fully justify the weed mapping action because it is a tool that offers the farmer the exact perception regarding the degree of weed infestation in the studied areas. Mapping thus becomes a very useful work for weed control practice.
Keywords: mapping, cereals, weeds, degree of weed infestation
SCREENING FOR BIOLOGICALS TO CONTROL RUMEX LUNARIA L. IN LANZAROTE ISLAND
María Bernardos, Natalia Sierra Cornejo, Carmen G. Rodríguez, José R. Arévalo, Raimundo Cabrera
Abstract: Rumex lunaria L., a Polygonaceae shrub, has colonized large areas of Lanzarote, Canary Islands, from the 1980s to the present day, revealing an invasive behaviour. Recently, symptoms of disease like leaf spots and lack of turgidity in trunks have been observed. This fact has led to the investigation on fungal communities present in this invasive species in several areas of the National Park and other locations in Lanzarote Island. Our objectives were to detect and select fungal strains with phytopathogenic traits isolated from disease symptomatic plants using different screening techniques. To isolate the potential fungi causing disease symptoms, samples were processed using mycological classical techniques. Identification of fungi was based on morphological and molecular analysis using the accepted DNA barcode for fungi, the rDNA ITS region. Five rapid and cost-effective screening methods were carried out in the laboratory in a sequential order before scaling the study to the nursery plants assay. This sequence of methods allows us to test the potential pathogenic effects of a high number of strains in a relatively short period of time: method 1 -both sides of the midrib of a cut leaf were inoculated with droplets of a spores suspension; method 2 -a branch with leaves maintained in water was inoculated with droplets of a spores suspension; method 3 -the aerial part of seedlings was sprayed with spores suspension; method 4 and 5 -leaves of an adult plant were inoculated with droplets of a spores suspension. Several scales for symptoms were developed according to strains-specific effects on tissue like chlorosis, spots, necrosis. Size of leaves spots were recorded. Of 76 fungal isolated strains, 21 genera were identified, with Alternaria and Penicillium being the most frequent. The screening process led to the selection of Alternaria tenuissima (strain 739) as it showed a constant pathogenic ability along the screening sequence. Thus, it makes it a strong potential biological control agent for the invasive species R. lunaria in Lanzarote Island. This study also contributes to the knowledge on the fungal communities of R. lunaria.
Keywords: invasive plant, phytopathogenic fungi, biological control, sub-desert environment.
RAPID METHODS TO SELECT FACULTATIVE PATHOGENS ON INVADER Cenchrus setaceus
Jorge SOPENA, Natalia SIERRA CORNEJO, Andreea COSOVEANU, Carmen G. RODRÍGUEZ, Raimundo CABRERA
Abstract: Fountain grass, Cenchrus setaceus (Forssk.) Chiov. (syn. Pennisetum setaceum) is an invasive plant with high impact on insular environments such as the Canary Islands. Although there are no mentions on C. setaceus phytopathogens, plant communities with symptoms of withering, yellowing and decay have been found in Canary Islands. Our project aims to find autochthonous potential biological control agents for C. setaceus. Herein, we present a workflow in which we tested fast and cost-effective methods to screen a high number of fungal strains, aiming features like fast colonizers as well as competitive saprophytes and facultative pathogens with ability to cause infection. Affected plants were collected from the islands of Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma and Lanzarote and 243 fungal strains belonging to 38 genera were isolated. First screening was performed on adult plants with pooled multiple species strains – spores suspensions of 10 random strains per pool, each strain representing a genus or a morphotype (n = 83). No symptoms of disease were observed. Most isolated genera in this study were Alternaria and Fusarium, known as cosmopolite phytopathogens. Next screening methods were focused accordingly. Two in vitro single-strain screening methods were employed by using mycelium-inoculated sectioned and entire leaves, to observe the ability of tissue colonization. First screening on sectioned leaves was performed with high amount of inoculum, to increase the chances of colonization and to determine the ability of fungi to use the plant material as substrate. The method was not effective in significantly reducing the number of candidates as most strains had abundant growth. To detect differences in fungal strains acting as facultative pathogens or phytopathogens, the 2nd single-strain screening was performed on physiologically-stressed (pelargonic acid, a desiccant molecule to induce turgor loss) and not pre-treated leaves using less inoculum. Six strains were selected and subsequently evaluated in the last in vivo screening in the presence and absence of the desiccant. Finally, we detected strain 967 Fusarium clavum as able to colonize and reproduce at the crown of the young plants. In view of our experimental process, we propose a workflow for the cost-effective search for potential BCAs in similar situations.
Keywords: IAP, phytopathogenic fungi, biological control, BCA
THE DYNAMICS OF TOMATO LEAFMINER TUTA ABSOLUTA (MEYRICH, 1917) (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE) IN PROTECTED TOMATO CROPS FROM MUNTENIA REGION (ROMANIA)
Maria Iamandei*, Mădălina Radulea, Ionuț Popa, Andrei Chiriloaie-Palade, Ioan Roșca
Abstract: The South American native species Tuta absoluta is recognized as a tomato pest with fulminant dispersal ability in the new invaded areas. T. absoluta monitoring in all tomato-producing regions of the country is a vital step in early detection and integrated management decision-making. The aim of the study was to elucidate the interval of occurrence and population dynamics of T. absoluta in Muntenia region, respectively the vegetable basin that supply Bucharest northern markets. The paper presents the results of pest monitoring carried out in 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019, by using pheromone-baited traps and also by visual inspection of tomato crops in various greenhouses in four localities from Bucharest surrounding area. The study provides first systematic monitored data about T. absoluta dynamics in protected tomato crops from southern Romania. Depending on year weather conditions, in the greenhouses tomato crops from the investigated area, the tomato leaf miner completed maximum 3 to 4 generations from spring to autumn and the degree of attack on tomatoes reached its maximum at the end of the second vegetation cycle. There was also noted a steady annual increase in the number of adult catches and degree of attack on tomatoes in the protected crop from analysed area.
Keywords: Tuta absoluta, tomato leaf miner, pheromone traps, AtraTut-S